What is JavaScript? JavaScript is a powerful, high-level programming language that is primarily used to make web pages interactive and dynamic. It is one of the core technologies of the web, alongside HTML and CSS. Definition: JavaScript (often abbreviated as JS) is a scripting language that runs in the browser and allows you to create: … Read more
Variables (let, const, var) 1. What Are Variables? Variables store data values that can be used and manipulated in your code. let name = “Alice”; const age = 30; var city = “Paris”; 2. let – Block-scoped, Reassignable Introduced in ES6 (2015), let is the go-to for variables that can change. let counter = 1; … Read more
Conditional statements (if, else, else if 1. What Are Conditional Statements? Conditional statements allow you to execute code based on conditions — they control flow and logic. if (condition) { // code runs if condition is true } else if (anotherCondition) { // runs if first is false, this is true } else { // … Read more
for, while, and do…while loops Loops allow you to repeat a block of code as long as a condition is true. JavaScript provides several types of loops — each suited for different scenarios. 1. for Loop Best For: When the number of iterations is known Looping through arrays or counters Syntax: for (initialization; condition; increment) … Read more
Function Declaration and Expression Function Declaration A Function Declaration is the traditional way of defining a named function in the main code flow. Syntax: function functionName(parameters) { // code block } Example: function add(a, b) { return a + b; } console.log(add(2, 3)); // Output: 5 Key Features: Named function (like add above). Hoisted: Can … Read more
Creating and modifying arrays What is an Array? An array is a special variable that can hold multiple values at once, organized in an ordered collection. Each value is called an element, and each has a numeric index starting from 0. 1. Creating Arrays Using Square Brackets let fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”]; console.log(fruits); // … Read more
What is the DOM? DOM Meaning The DOM (Document Object Model) is a programming interface that represents an HTML or XML document as a tree structure where each node is an object. In simple words: The DOM connects web pages to programming languages like JavaScript, allowing you to change the page dynamically. Structure of the … Read more
Callbacks, Promises, and async/await Handling asynchronous operations is essential in JavaScript, especially for tasks like fetching data from a server, reading files, or setting timers. JavaScript provides Callbacks, Promises, and async/await to manage asynchronous behavior efficiently. Callbacks A callback is simply a function passed into another function as an argument, which is then invoked inside … Read more
Build an interactive to-do list 1. HTML Structure The HTML will consist of the basic layout for the to-do list. We’ll need an input field, a button to add new tasks, and a list to display the tasks. <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”UTF-8″> <meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0″> <title>To-Do List</title> <link rel=”stylesheet” href=”styles.css”> </head> … Read more
Writing clean and maintainable code Writing clean and maintainable code is essential for creating software that is not only functional but also easy to understand, extend, and debug over time. Here’s a detailed breakdown of how to achieve this: 1. Follow Consistent Naming Conventions Variables and Functions: Use descriptive, meaningful names that convey the purpose … Read more